南方科技大学知识苑(SUSTech KC): 轴子-光子转换及轴子在黑洞下的性质

Title	轴子-光子转换及轴子在黑洞下的性质
Alternative Title	AXION-PHOTON TRANSITION AND AXION’SPROPERTIES UNDER BLACK HOLE
Author	方星
Name pinyin	FANG Xing
School number	11930024
Degree	硕士
Discipline	070201 理论物理
Subject category of dissertation	07 理学
Supervisor	俞大鹏
Mentor unit	物理系
Publication Years	2022-05
Submission date	2022-07-01
University	南方科技大学
Place of Publication	深圳
Abstract	从强 CP 破坏问题出发，本文讨论了 𝑈(1)𝑃𝑄 理论的基本概念，并推导了该理论为何能证明 𝜃 如此之小的原因，继而引出了假想粒子——轴子的基本思想。本文对轴子的势能和质量进行了推导计算，并说明了在天文学观测下，轴子的质量范围和其作为暗物质粒子的可能性。特别地，太阳是天然的轴子源，我们计算了太阳轴子的通量，也推导出轴子的质量在 10−3𝑒𝑣 左右。对轴子的实验探测有太阳轴子实验，LSW 实验等，本文简单地介绍了实验原理，并作出了一些参数估算。轴子-光子转换是本文的重点研究对象，本文利用中微子振荡过程中粒子之间互相转换的基本思想和理论推导，计算了轴子-光子在给定条件下转换的概率和其相互作用耦合强度。同时在强磁场下，光子也会转换为另一种假想粒子——引力子，研究特定背景下轴子-光子-引力子的联合转换是必要的，本文给出了三者之间互相转换的比例。倘若轴子的康普顿波长和黑洞的视界半径相当，那么轴子会围绕在黑洞外形成一个宏观量子态——引力原子。本文计算出引力原子中轴子的能级是量化的，并以此为依据计算了黑洞旋进周期的变化和轴子的超辐射现象。我们用函数拟合的方法和数值解析里的连续分数法推导了轴子能量量化的必然性和轴子在不同能级下的跃迁率。正在建立的 eLISA 和 AGIS 实验室将对超大质量黑洞周围的湮灭信号进行测量，到时物理学家们测量轴子湮灭的信号就如测量引力波信号一样，具有跨时代的意义。
Keywords	轴子耦合强度引力原子黑洞信号
Language	Chinese
Training classes	独立培养
Enrollment Year	2019
Year of Degree Awarded	2022-06
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Academic Degree Assessment Sub committee	量子科学与工程研究院
Domestic book classification number	O572.2
Data Source	人工提交
Document Type	Thesis
Identifier	http://kc.sustech.edu.cn/handle/2SGJ60CL/343181
Department	Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering
Recommended Citation GB/T 7714	方星. 轴子-光子转换及轴子在黑洞下的性质[D]. 深圳. 南方科技大学,2022.

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