Multi-instrument observations of microseisms generated by typhoon Kalmaegi (2014) over the Northwestern Pacific

Lin，Jianmin1; Fang，Sunke1; Xu，Wen1; Ni，Sidao2; Zhang，Han3,4; Yang，Ting5,6

2022-09-15

10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117746

EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS   Impact Factor & Quartile

0012-821X

1385-013X

The typhoon-generated microseisms, originating from the complex energy coupling and transferring among the Atmosphere-Ocean-Solid Earth spheres, can be detected remotely by seismometers as the strongest ambient seismic noise. The lack of in situ observations during the passage of typhoons has hampered numerical modeling of wind fields and ocean waves, and limited our understanding of the generation mechanisms of microseisms associated with typhoons. Here we present a comprehensive investigation of microseisms generated by typhoon Kalmaegi (September 2014) based on multiple-instrument constraints from observations including terrestrial and ocean-bottom seismic stations as well as ocean buoys. To understand the generation mechanisms, we apply an improved frequency-domain beamforming method to seismic array data leading to successful location of double-frequency (DF) microseism source regions. For comparison, we calculate the typhoon-induced ocean waves and theoretical source regions of the DF microseisms using the coupled ocean–atmosphere–wave–sediment transport modeling system with validation by ocean buoy observations. Both observations and numerical modeling results reveal two different generation mechanisms for typhoon-induced DF microseisms during the lifespan of Kalmaegi. When over the Philippine Sea, the DF microseisms were generated mainly by opposing ocean waves from two distinct storms. After Kalmaegi entered the South China Sea, the DF microseisms were generated mainly by the fast-moving typhoon with source regions just trailing behind, with the minimum frequencies determined by the typhoon translation speed. DF microseisms generated in coastal source regions were not detected by ocean bottom seismometers, suggesting that DF microseisms might not effectively propagate across the ocean-basin seafloor covered by thick sediments, owing to severe seismic attenuation and spreading losses. This information is crucial for the use of DF microseisms for future tracking and monitoring of typhoons.

beamforming generation mechanisms microseism Northwestern Pacific typhoon

SCI ; EI

English

NI Journal Papers

Others

National Natural Science Foundation of China[41874046];National Natural Science Foundation of China[61831020];National Natural Science Foundation of China[92058209];

Geochemistry & Geophysics

Geochemistry & Geophysics

WOS:000862590200008

ELSEVIER

20223212543796

Earth atmosphere ; Frequency domain analysis ; Numerical models ; Oceanography ; Sediment transport ; Seismographs ; Seismology ; Storms ; Water waves

Atmospheric Properties:443.1 ; Precipitation:443.3 ; Oceanography, General:471.1 ; Seawater, Tides and Waves:471.4 ; Earthquake Measurements and Analysis:484.1 ; Electromagnetic Waves in Relation to Various Structures:711.2 ; Mathematics:921 ; Mathematical Transformations:921.3 ; Special Purpose Instruments:943.3

GEOSCIENCES

2-s2.0-85135408363

Scopus

1.Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation-Imaging Testbed of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang University,Zhoushan,Zhejiang,316021,China
2.State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics,Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei,430071,China
3.State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics,Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310012,China
4.Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai),Zhuhai,Guangdong,519082,China
5.The OBS Laboratory,Department of Ocean Sciences and Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen,Guangdong,518055,China
6.Shanghai Sheshan National Geophysical Observatory,Shanghai,200062,China

Lin，Jianmin,Fang，Sunke,Xu，Wen,et al. Multi-instrument observations of microseisms generated by typhoon Kalmaegi (2014) over the Northwestern Pacific[J]. EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS,2022,594.

Lin，Jianmin,Fang，Sunke,Xu，Wen,Ni，Sidao,Zhang，Han,&Yang，Ting.(2022).Multi-instrument observations of microseisms generated by typhoon Kalmaegi (2014) over the Northwestern Pacific.EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS,594.

Lin，Jianmin,et al."Multi-instrument observations of microseisms generated by typhoon Kalmaegi (2014) over the Northwestern Pacific".EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS 594(2022).