Dense Coding with Locality Restriction on Decoders: Quantum Encoders versus Superquantum Encoders

Hayashi，Masahito1,2,3; Wang，Kun4

2022-07-01

10.1103/PRXQuantum.3.030346

PRX Quantum   Impact Factor & Quartile

2691-3399

We investigate practical dense coding by imposing locality restrictions on decoders and symmetry restrictions on encoders within the resource theory of asymmetry framework. In this task, the sender Alice and the helper Fred preshare an entangled state. Alice encodes a classical message into the quantum state using a symmetric preserving encoder and sends the encoded state to Bob through a noiseless quantum channel. The receiver Bob and helper Fred are limited to performing quantum measurements satisfying certain locality restrictions to decode the classical message. We are interested in the ultimate dense coding capacity under these constraints. Our contributions are summarized as follows. First, we derive both one-shot and asymptotic optimal achievable transmission rates of the dense coding task under different encoder and decoder combinations. Surprisingly, our results reveal that the transmission rate cannot be improved even when the decoder is relaxed from one-way local operations and classical communication (LOCC) to two-way LOCC, separable measurements, and partial transpose positive measurements of the bipartite system. Second, depending on the class of allowed decoders with certain locality restrictions, we relax the class of encoding operations to superquantum encoders in the general probability theory framework and derive dense coding transmission rates under this setting. For example, when the decoder is fixed to a separable measurement, theoretically, a positive operation is allowed as an encoding operation. Remarkably, even under this superquantum relaxation, the transmission rate still cannot be lifted. This fact highlights the universal validity of our analysis on practical dense coding beyond quantum theory.

SCI

English

First

[2019B121203002]

Physics

Quantum Science & Technology ; Physics, Applied ; Physics, Multidisciplinary

WOS:000870109500001

AMER PHYSICAL SOC

2-s2.0-85139240394

Scopus

1.Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen,518055,China
2.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen,518055,China
3.Graduate School of Mathematics,Nagoya University,Nagoya,464-8602,Japan
4.Institute for Quantum Computing,Baidu Research,Beijing,100193,China

Hayashi，Masahito,Wang，Kun. Dense Coding with Locality Restriction on Decoders: Quantum Encoders versus Superquantum Encoders[J]. PRX Quantum,2022,3(3).

Hayashi，Masahito,&Wang，Kun.(2022).Dense Coding with Locality Restriction on Decoders: Quantum Encoders versus Superquantum Encoders.PRX Quantum,3(3).

Hayashi，Masahito,et al."Dense Coding with Locality Restriction on Decoders: Quantum Encoders versus Superquantum Encoders".PRX Quantum 3.3(2022).