Noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers

Cheng, Bin1,2,3; Deng, Xiu-Hao1,2,3; Gu, Xiu1,2,3; He, Yu1,2,3; Hu, Guangchong1,2,3; Huang, Peihao1,2,3; Li, Jun1,2,3; Lin, Ben-Chuan1,2,3; Lu, Dawei1,2,3,4; Lu, Yao1,2,3; Qiu, Chudan1,2,3,4; Wang, Hui5,6,7,8; Xin, Tao1,2,3; Yu, Shi1,2,3; Yung, Man-Hong1,2,3; Zeng, Junkai1,2,3; Zhang, Song1,2,3; Zhong, Youpeng1,2,3; Peng, Xinhua6,7,8,9; Nori, Franco10,11; Yu, Dapeng1,2,3,4

2023-04-01

10.1007/s11467-022-1249-z

Frontiers of Physics   Impact Factor & Quartile

2095-0462

2095-0470

Quantum computers have made extraordinary progress over the past decade, and significant milestones have been achieved along the path of pursuing universal fault-tolerant quantum computers. Quantum advantage, the tipping point heralding the quantum era, has been accomplished along with several waves of breakthroughs. Quantum hardware has become more integrated and architectural compared to its toddler days. The controlling precision of various physical systems is pushed beyond the fault-tolerant threshold. Meanwhile, quantum computation research has established a new norm by embracing industrialization and commercialization. The joint power of governments, private investors, and tech companies has significantly shaped a new vibrant environment that accelerates the development of this field, now at the beginning of the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era. Here, we first discuss the progress achieved in the field of quantum computation by reviewing the most important algorithms and advances in the most promising technical routes, and then summarizing the next-stage challenges. Furthermore, we illustrate our confidence that solid foundations have been built for the fault-tolerant quantum computer and our optimism that the emergence of quantum killer applications essential for human society shall happen in the future.

quantum computer quantum algorithm quantum chip

SCI

English

First ; Corresponding

National Natural Science Foundation of China["U1801661","12174178","11905098","12204228","12004165","11875159","12075110","92065111","12275117","11905099","11975117","12004164","62174076","92165210","11904157","11661161018","11927811","12004371"] ; National Key Research and Development Program of China["2019YFA0308100","2018YFA0306600"] ; Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province[2018B030326001] ; Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program["2016ZT06D348","2019ZT08C044"] ; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory[2019B121203002] ; Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation["2021B1515020070","2022B1515020074"] ; Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province[2017B030308003] ; Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen, Municipality["KYTDPT20181011104202253","KQTD20210811090049034","K21547502","ZDSYS20190902092905285","KQTD20190929173815000","KQTD20200820113010023","JCYJ20200109140803865","JCYJ20170412152620376"] ; Shenzhen Science and Technology Program["RCBS20200714114820298","RCYX20200714114522109"] ; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Cooperation Zone for Technology and Innovation[HZQB-KCZYB-2020050] ; Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies[AHY050000] ; Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology[2021ZD0303205] ; Research Grants Council of Hong Kong[14308019] ; Research Strategic Funding Scheme of The Chinese University of Hong Kong[3133234] ; Moonshot RD[JPMJMS2061] ; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)[JP20H00134] ; Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development (AOARD)[FA2386-20-1-4069] ; Foundational Questions Institute Fund (FQXi)[FQXi-IAF19-06]

Physics

Physics, Multidisciplinary

WOS:000946003900002

HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS

Web of Science

1.Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Shenzhen Inst Quantum Sci & Engn, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China
2.Int Quantum Acad, Shenzhen 518048, Peoples R China
3.Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Quantum Sci & Engn, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China
4.Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China
5.Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Res Ctr Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China
6.Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Phys Sci, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China
7.Univ Sci & Technol China, CAS Ctr Excellence Quantum Informat & Quantum Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China
8.Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab, Hefei 230088, Peoples R China
9.Univ Sci & Technol China, CAS Key Lab Microscale Magnet Resonance, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China
10.RIKEN, Quantum Comp Ctr, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan
11.Univ Michigan, Phys Dept, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

Cheng, Bin,Deng, Xiu-Hao,Gu, Xiu,et al. Noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers[J]. Frontiers of Physics,2023,18(2).

Cheng, Bin.,Deng, Xiu-Hao.,Gu, Xiu.,He, Yu.,Hu, Guangchong.,...&Yu, Dapeng.(2023).Noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers.Frontiers of Physics,18(2).

Cheng, Bin,et al."Noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers".Frontiers of Physics 18.2(2023).