Successful clearance of persistent SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic infection following a single dose of Ad5-nCoV vaccine

Qiu, Shaofu1; Chen, Zhao2; Zhu, Airu2; Zeng, Qiuhui2; Liu, Hongbo1; Liu, Xiaoqing2; Ye, Feng2; Jin, Yingkang3; Wu, Jie4; Yang, Chaojie1; Wang, Qi1; Chen, Fangli2; Chen, Lan2; Tian, Sai1; Du, Xinying1; Hu, Qingtao2; Cheng, Jinling2; Chen, Canjie2; Li, Fang2; Sun, Jing2; Wang, Yanqun2; Zhao, Jingxian2,5; Zhao, Jincun2,5,6,7,8,9; Song, Hongbin1

2023-03-15

10.1038/s41392-023-01345-3

SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY   Impact Factor & Quartile

2095-9907

2059-3635

Persistent asymptomatic (PA) SARS-CoV-2 infections have been identified. The immune responses in these patients are unclear, and the development of effective treatments for these patients is needed. Here, we report a cohort of 23 PA cases carrying viral RNA for up to 191 days. PA cases displayed low levels of inflammatory and interferon response, weak antibody response, diminished circulating follicular helper T cells (cTfh), and inadequate specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses during infection, which is distinct from symptomatic infections and resembling impaired immune activation. Administration of a single dose of Ad5-nCoV vaccine to 10 of these PA cases elicited rapid and robust antibody responses as well as coordinated B-cell and cTfh responses, resulting in successful viral clearance. Vaccine-induced antibodies were able to neutralize various variants of concern and persisted for over 6 months, indicating long-term protection. Therefore, our study provides an insight into the immune status of PA infections and highlights vaccination as a potential treatment for prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infections.

SCI

English

Corresponding

National Key R&D Program of China["2021YFC2301102","82172240"] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China["82101836","81901623","82201933","BX2021087"] ; China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents[2021M690787] ; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation["2022M710892","2021B1515130005"] ; Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation["2022B1515020059","B2022233"] ; Guangdong Medical Technology Research Foundation[202102010143] ; Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning Program Municipal School/Institute-Joint Funded Program[SKLRD-Z-202330] ; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases[ZNSA-202001] ; Zhong Nanshan Medical Foundation of Guangdong Province["ZNSXS-2020012","ZNSA-2020013","ZNSXS-20220015"] ; null[2021YFC2302004]

Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ; Cell Biology

Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ; Cell Biology

WOS:000953114100003

SPRINGERNATURE

Web of Science

1.Chinese PLA Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing 100071, Peoples R China
2.Guangzhou Med Univ, Guangzhou Inst Resp Hlth, Natl Clin Res Ctr Resp Dis, State Key Lab Resp Dis,Affiliated Hosp 1, Guangzhou 510182, Guangdong, Peoples R China
3.Guangzhou Med Univ, Guangzhou Women & Childrens Med Ctr, Pediat Pulm Dept, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, Peoples R China
4.Guangdong Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guangzhou 510399, Guangdong, Peoples R China
5.Guangzhou Lab, Guangzhou 510320, Guangdong, Peoples R China
6.Guangzhou Med Univ, Inst Infect Dis, Guangzhou Peoples Hosp 8, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, Peoples R China
7.ShanghaiTech Univ, Shanghai Inst Adv Immunochem Studies, Sch Life Sci & Technol, Shanghai 201210, Peoples R China
8.Shenzhen Third Peoples Hosp, Natl Clin Res Ctr Infect Dis, Shenzhen 518112, Guangdong, Peoples R China
9.Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Affiliated Hosp 2, Sch Med, Shenzhen 518112, Guangdong, Peoples R China

Qiu, Shaofu,Chen, Zhao,Zhu, Airu,et al. Successful clearance of persistent SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic infection following a single dose of Ad5-nCoV vaccine[J]. SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY,2023,8(1).

Qiu, Shaofu.,Chen, Zhao.,Zhu, Airu.,Zeng, Qiuhui.,Liu, Hongbo.,...&Song, Hongbin.(2023).Successful clearance of persistent SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic infection following a single dose of Ad5-nCoV vaccine.SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY,8(1).

Qiu, Shaofu,et al."Successful clearance of persistent SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic infection following a single dose of Ad5-nCoV vaccine".SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY 8.1(2023).