Integrated Fiber Ring Laser Temperature Sensor Based on Vernier Effect with Lyot–Sagnac Interferometer

Liu，Yuhui1,2; Lin，Weihao1; Hu，Jie1; Zhao，Fang1; Yu，Feihong1; Liu，Shuaiqi1; Chen，Jinna1; Liu，Huanhuan1; Shum，Perry Ping1,3; Zhang，Xuming2

2023-07-01

10.3390/s23146632

Sensors   Impact Factor & Quartile

1424-8220

1424-8220

The Vernier effect created using an incorporated Lyot–Sagnac loop is used to create an ultra-high sensitivity temperature sensor based on a ring laser cavity. Unlike standard double Sagnac loop systems, the proposed sensor is fused into a single Sagnac loop by adjusting the welding angle between two polarization-maintaining fibers (PMFs) to achieve effective temperature sensitivity amplification. The PMFs are separated into two arms of 0.8 m and 1 m in length, with a 45° angle difference between the fast axes. The sensor’s performance is examined both theoretically and experimentally. The experimental results reveal that the Vernier amplification effect can be achieved via PMF rotating shaft welding. The temperature sensitivity in the laser cavity can reach 2.391 nm/°C, which is increased by a factor of more than eight times compared with a single Sagnac loop structure (0.298 nm/°C) with a length of 0.8 m without the Vernier effect at temperatures ranging from 20 °C to 30 °C. Furthermore, unlike traditional optical fiber sensing that uses a broadband light source (BBS) for detection, which causes issues such as low signal-to-noise ratio and broad bandwidth, the Sagnac loop can be employed as a filter by inserting itself into the fiber ring laser (FRL) cavity. When the external parameters change, the laser is offset by the interference general modulation, allowing the external temperature to be monitored. The superior performance of signal-to-noise ratios of up to 50 dB and bandwidths of less than 0.2 nm is achieved. The proposed sensor has a simple structure and high sensitivity and is expected to play a role in biological cell activity monitoring.

fiber ring laser Lyot–Sagnac loop temperature sensor

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English

First

Department of Building and Real Estate, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-BBEN];Hospitality and Tourism Research Centre, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-BBEN];Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-BBEN];Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-BBEN];Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-BBEN];University Research Facility in Chemical and Environmental Analysis, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-BBEN];Department of Building and Real Estate, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-CD4V];Hospitality and Tourism Research Centre, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-CD4V];Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-CD4V];Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-CD4V];Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-CD4V];University Research Facility in Chemical and Environmental Analysis, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-CD4V];Department of Building and Real Estate, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-CD6U];Hospitality and Tourism Research Centre, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-CD6U];Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-CD6U];Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-CD6U];Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-CD6U];University Research Facility in Chemical and Environmental Analysis, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-CD6U];Department of Building and Real Estate, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-W28S];Hospitality and Tourism Research Centre, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-W28S];Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-W28S];Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-W28S];Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-W28S];University Research Facility in Chemical and Environmental Analysis, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-W28S];Department of Building and Real Estate, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-YY5V];Hospitality and Tourism Research Centre, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-YY5V];Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-YY5V];Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-YY5V];Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-YY5V];University Research Facility in Chemical and Environmental Analysis, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[1-YY5V];Department of Building and Real Estate, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[G-SB4J];Hospitality and Tourism Research Centre, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[G-SB4J];Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[G-SB4J];Hong Kong Polytechnic University[G-SB4J];Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[G-SB4J];University Research Facility in Chemical and Environmental Analysis, Hong Kong Polytechnic University[G-SB4J];

Chemistry ; Engineering ; Instruments & Instrumentation

Chemistry, Analytical ; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic ; Instruments & Instrumentation

WOS:001038958300001

MDPI

CHEMISTRY

2-s2.0-85165964377

Scopus

1.Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen,518055,China
2.Department of Applied Physics,Hong Kong Polytechnic University,999077,Hong Kong
3.Peng Cheng Laboratory,Shenzhen,518005,China

Liu，Yuhui,Lin，Weihao,Hu，Jie,等. Integrated Fiber Ring Laser Temperature Sensor Based on Vernier Effect with Lyot–Sagnac Interferometer[J]. Sensors,2023,23(14).

Liu，Yuhui.,Lin，Weihao.,Hu，Jie.,Zhao，Fang.,Yu，Feihong.,...&Zhang，Xuming.(2023).Integrated Fiber Ring Laser Temperature Sensor Based on Vernier Effect with Lyot–Sagnac Interferometer.Sensors,23(14).

Liu，Yuhui,et al."Integrated Fiber Ring Laser Temperature Sensor Based on Vernier Effect with Lyot–Sagnac Interferometer".Sensors 23.14(2023).