The effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on cognitive function outcomes in the elderly depends on the baseline omega-3 index

He, Xin1,2; Yu, Hongzhuan3; Fang, Jiacheng1; Qi, Zhongshi1; Pei, Shengjie1; Yan, Bei1; Liu, Run1; Wang, Qiuzhen1; Szeto, Ignatius Man-Yau4; Liu, Biao4; Chen, Lei1; Li, Duo1,5,6

2023-09-01

10.1039/d3fo02959

FOOD & FUNCTION   Impact Factor & Quartile

2042-6496

2042-650X

["Both epidemiological and preclinical studies have shown the benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) on dementia and cognitive impairment, yet the results of clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) performed to date are conflicting. The difference in the baseline omega-3 index (O3i) of subjects is a potential cause for this disparity, yet this is usually ignored. The present meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) on cognitive function in the elderly and the role of baseline O3i. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to June 27th, 2023. The mean changes in the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score were calculated as weighted mean differences by using a fixed-effects model. Fifteen random controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled analysis showed that n-3 PUFA supplementation did not significantly improve the MMSE score (WMD = 0.04, [-0.08, 0.16]; Z = 0.62, P = 0.53; I2 = 0.00%, P(I2) = 0.49). Out of the 15 studies included in the meta-analysis, only 7 reported O3i at baseline and outcome, so only these 7 articles were used for subgroup analysis. Subgroup analysis showed that the MMSE score was significantly improved in the higher baseline O3i subgroup (WMD = 0.553, [0.01, 1.095]; I2 = 0.00%, P(I2) = 0.556) and higher O3i increment subgroup (WMD = 0.525, [0.023, 1.026]; I2 = 0.00%, P(I2) = 0.545). The overall effect demonstrated that n-3 PUFA supplementation exerted no improvement on global cognitive function. However, a higher baseline O3i and higher O3i increment were associated with an improvement in cognitive function in the elderly.","Preclinical studies have shown the benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) on dementia and cognitive impairment, yet the results of clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) performed to date are conflicting."]

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This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan (2018YFF0213505), Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. ZR2020QH294 and ZR202103030776), and Qingdao Postdoctoral Research Grant (RZ2000002906).[2018YFF0213505] ; National Key Research and Development Plan["ZR2020QH294","ZR202103030776"] ; Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province[RZ2000002906]

Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ; Food Science & Technology

Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ; Food Science & Technology

WOS:001083051900001

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY

Web of Science

1.Qingdao Univ, Inst Nutr & Hlth, Qingdao, Peoples R China
2.Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Publ Hlth & Emergency Management, Shenzhen, Peoples R China
3.WeiFang Tradit Chinese Hosp, Weifang, Peoples R China
4.Natl Ctr Technol Innovat Dairy, Hohhot 010110, Peoples R China
5.Zhejiang Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Hangzhou, Peoples R China
6.Monash Univ, Dept Nutr Dietet & Food, Melbourne, Australia

He, Xin,Yu, Hongzhuan,Fang, Jiacheng,et al. The effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on cognitive function outcomes in the elderly depends on the baseline omega-3 index[J]. FOOD & FUNCTION,2023.

He, Xin.,Yu, Hongzhuan.,Fang, Jiacheng.,Qi, Zhongshi.,Pei, Shengjie.,...&Li, Duo.(2023).The effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on cognitive function outcomes in the elderly depends on the baseline omega-3 index.FOOD & FUNCTION.

He, Xin,et al."The effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on cognitive function outcomes in the elderly depends on the baseline omega-3 index".FOOD & FUNCTION (2023).